Current status of dental implantation therapy for diabetic patients / 口腔疾病防治

@#In 2017, there were 451 million people (ages 18 to 99) with diabetes worldwide, and this number is expected to grow to 592 million by 2035. A series of complications in diabetic patients often leads to oral vascular and bone lesions. Therefore, dental implant doctors urgently need to understand the clinical characteristics of diabetes mellitus patients to provide the best treatment. For dental implant doctors, the following problems still exist in the treatment of diabetic patients with poor blood sugar control: ① alveolar fossa healing in diabetic patients is slow after extraction, and bone regeneration is often needed, which prolongs the treatment cycle and increases the pain of patients; ② the rate of new bone formation in diabetic patients after alveolar bone grafting is slow; ③ it takes a long time for the body to achieve effective bone bonding after dental implantation in diabetic patients, and the outcomes are poor; ④ the health of the tissue around dental implants is affected by blood sugar level, which is difficult to maintain in diabetic patients. Current studies suggest that the long-term success rate of implants is predictable in diabetic patients when blood sugar levels are well controlled (HbA1c < 6%). This article will review the current research status of dental implantation therapy for diabetic patients to provide a reference for clinical practice.

Transcriptome sequencing analysis of alfalfa reveals CBF genes potentially playing important roles in response to freezing stress

Abstract Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is an important perennial forage, with high nutritional value, which is widely grown in the world. Because of low freezing tolerance, its distribution and production are threatened and limited by winter weather. To understand the complex regulation mechanisms of freezing tolerance in alfalfa, we performed transcriptome sequencing analysis under cold (4 °C) and freezing (-8 °C) stresses. More than 66 million reads were generated, and we identified 5767 transcripts differentially expressed in response to cold and/or freezing stresses. These results showed that these genes were mainly classified as response to stress, transcription regulation, hormone signaling pathway, antioxidant, nodule morphogenesis, etc., implying their important roles in response to cold and freezing stresses. Furthermore, nine CBF transcripts differentially expressed were homologous to CBF genes of Mt-FTQTL6 site, conferring freezing tolerance in M. truncatula, which indicated that a genetic mechanism controlling freezing tolerance was conservative between M. truncatula and M. sativa. In summary, this transcriptome dataset highlighted the gene regulation response to cold and/or freezing stresses in alfalfa, which provides a valuable resource for future identification and functional analysis of candidate genes in determining freezing tolerance.